A consulate is the home and offices of a consul, a representative of a foreign government who is similar to an ambassador. Consuls assist their countrymen while abroad, and they may issue visas and participate in other activities which are intended to facilitate friendly relations between their home and host nations. Ambassadors, on the other hand, are emissaries between heads of state, working to promote peaceful agreements and acting as official government representatives. A country usually has only one embassy in a foreign country, typically located in that nation's capital, while consulates can be found in numerous cities.
The kind of services available in a consulate differs from one country to another. A consulate could help citizens in legal trouble, by arranging a lawyer. It could also pass on useful information like hotel directories, foreign exchange services.
Consulates also double up to help citizens of host country, by providing them with visas, general and specific information about their country, organize events, promote trade etc. A consulate like an embassy does not have the powers to negotiate diplomatically.
Indian Consulates
Following is the link for the list of some of the Indian Consulates
Consulate General of India in Dubai
Consulate General of India in Frankfurt
Consulate General of India in Hong Kong
Consulate General of India in Houston
Consulate General of India in New York
Consulate General of India in Sao Paulo
Consulate General of India in Vancouver
Consulate General of India Toronto
Consulate of India, Chiang Mai, Thailand
Consulate General of India, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia